Abstract
Rydberg excitons are, with their ultrastrong mutual interactions, giant optical nonlinearities, and very high sensitivity to external fields, promising for applications in quantum sensing and nonlinear optics at the single-photon level. To design quantum applications it is necessary to know how Rydberg excitons and other excited states relax to lower-lying exciton states. Here, we present photoluminescence excitation spectroscopy as a method to probe transition probabilities from various excitonic states in cuprous oxide. We show giant Rydberg excitons at $T=38$ mK with principal quantum numbers up to $n=30$, corresponding to a calculated diameter of $3\phantom{\rule{4pt}{0ex}}\ensuremath{\mu}\mathrm{m}$.
Highlights
Rydberg excitons are hydrogen-atom-like bound electronhole pairs in a semiconductor with principal quantum number n 2
Rydberg excitons share common features with Rydberg atoms, which are widely studied as building blocks for emerging quantum technologies, such as quantum computing and simulation, quantum sensing, and quantum photonics [1]
Transferring Rydberg physics to the semiconductor environment offers the advantages of the well-developed semiconductor technology, opportunities for integration in microstructures, and scalability
Summary
Rydberg excitons are hydrogen-atom-like bound electronhole pairs in a semiconductor with principal quantum number n 2. Rydberg excitons share common features with Rydberg atoms, which are widely studied as building blocks for emerging quantum technologies, such as quantum computing and simulation, quantum sensing, and quantum photonics [1]. In contrast to Rydberg atoms, which are relatively stable, Rydberg excitons have potential for ultrafast applications, since they can decay quickly. Rydberg excitons can serve as an interface between semiconductor physics and quantum photonics [2]. The very strong interactions between Rydberg excitons [3] and resulting giant optical nonlinearities at the single-photon level [4] are promising for applications such as single-photon emitters and single-photon transistors
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