Giant endometrial polyp in a post-menopausal woman: a rare case report from Nepal

Abstract

Introduction: Endometrial polyps (EPs) result from the overgrowth of endometrial glands and stroma. Giant endometrial polyps, defined as those exceeding 4 cm, are rare, and their association with phytoestrogen (PE) intake is infrequently reported. Case presentation: The authors present a case of a giant endometrial polyp in a 59-year-old post-menopausal woman from Nepal. The patient presented with lower abdominal pain and a history of vaginal spotting. She was not under any drugs or medications, including hormones, but had a regular intake of PE-rich foods. Imaging revealed a giant endometrial polyp and a uterine fibroid. Total abdominal hysterectomy and bilateral salpingo-oophorectomy (TAH-BSO) were performed and histopathology examination confirmed the diagnosis of endometrial polyp and fibroid. Discussion: In our case, the patient’s increased age and PE-rich diet were identified as potential risk factors for the giant endometrial polyp. Giant endometrial polyps are rare, with limited cases reported to date, often associated with tamoxifen or raloxifene use. Phytoestrogens can exhibit oestrogenic effects, contributing to endometrial polyps. This case emphasizes the importance of further research to explain the relationship between phytoestrogen intake and giant endometrial polyps. Conclusion: Giant endometrial polyps are uncommon, and their association with phytoestrogen intake remains underexplored. Clinicians should consider dietary factors in history while evaluating endometrial polyps, and further research is necessary to explore the potential role of phytoestrogens in the development of giant endometrial polyps.