Giant Cranionasal and Cystic-Solid Craniopharyngioma Associated With Extensive Bone Erosion and Ossification

Abstract

Craniopharyngioma (CP), a rare benign and slow-growing epithelial tumor, is mainly located within the sellar/parasellar region. Primary CP involving the nasal cavity and the sellar region with extensive erosion of the skull base and ossification simultaneity has not been described previously. The authors report a 23-year-old man who presented to our institute with complaints of repeated nasal cavity bloodshed, liquid flow, and progressive visual loss. A neuroimaging examination showed a giant cranionasal and cystic-solid CP extending from the suprasellar region to the nasopharynx with inhomogeneous enhancement, which is associated with extensive erosion of the skull base and ossification. The patient underwent a transsphenoidal surgery to resect the nasopharyngeal component of CP and a subfrontal craniotomy with a total removal of intracranial component by grinding 3 months later. A histopathologic examination revealed characteristic features of adamantinomatous CP associated with ossification. The current study demonstrates that CP can exhibit cranionasal growth pattern and arise from residue of craniopharyngeal duct. Extensive erosion of the skull base, calcification, and ossification can present in tumor simultaneity. A 2-stage stratagem is important for its total removal because of the peculiar hardness. Postsurgical course is unevenly and should be dealt with carefully.