GGE-biplot analysis of yield stability in environment trial of tropical wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) genotype under dry season in Indonesia

Abstract

Research to study the interaction of genotype x environment and determine the yield stability of some tropical wheat genotypes due to the influence of different planting environments on the dry season is still very urgent and continues to be done in Indonesian breeding programs to releasing new varieties that are tolerant to the tropical environment. Visualization of GGE-biplot analysis was able to explain the genotype x interaction in an environment. The purpose of this study was to determine the yield stability of some tropical wheat genotypes in some trial location in tropical agro-ecosystem of Indonesia on dry season based GGE-biplot method. Nine tropical wheat genotypes and two wheat varieties as control were evaluated in seven locations in three consecutive years (2015, 2016 and 2017). Variable measured was grain yield. Analysis of variance was performed for data from each study site, to determine the performance of each genotype at each location. Yield stability analysis was performed by GGE-biplot method using plant breeding (PB)tools software. The results showed that Prl/2*Pastor, Trch*2/3/C.80.I/3 and Kiritati/4/2/*Seri.1B*2 wheat genotypes had the highest biological stability, higher than the overall mean yield and this wheat breeding genotype is considered potential to be used in wheat plant breeding to obtain new tropical varieties in Indonesia. The environment of Batu Malang, East Java, Loka Bantaeng South Sulawesi, Salatiga Middle Java, Rumbia Jeneponto South Sulawesi, and Malino Gowa South Sulawesi is considered the suitable location for tropical wheat testing in Indonesia tropical agro-ecosystem.