German translation, cross-cultural adaption and validation of the Venous Clinical Severity and Venous Disability Scores

Abstract

BackgroundThe Venous Clinical Severity Score (VCSS) and the Venous Disability Score (VDS) represent assessment tools for chronic venous disease (CVD) combining physician and patient reported outcomes. To date, German versions are not available. The present study aimed at translating the VCSS and VDS into German and validating the questionnaires.MethodsTranslations of VCSS and VDS were compiled based on published guidelines considering potential differences in the use of German language in different countries. For validation, 33 patients with chronic venous disease and 5 healthy individuals were included in the pre-testing phase. Patients were examined twice by independent investigators to validate test–retest-validity culminating in 142 limb examinations. Internal consistency, inter-rater dependence and external reliability were subsequently evaluated.ResultsAll assessed metrics showed good internal consistency. Intra-class correlation coefficients were .75 for the VDS, .98 for the VCSS of the right leg and .90 for the VCSS of the left leg, indicating inter-rater independence. Furthermore, VCSS scores showed a modest positive correlation with CEAP C class and both VCSS and VDS showed a negative correlation with the physical component of the SF-12, indicating adequate external reliability.ConclusionA pan-cultural German version of both the VCSS and VDS was established and validated as reliable tools to evaluate the severity of CVD in German speaking countries.