Abstract
In south-eastern Nigeria, gully erosion has assumed an alarming proportion and this prompted the use of geospatial information technology to map a gully erosion site in Oron, Akwa Ibom State for effective remediation and control.,. Ground controls were provided in the vicinity of the gully head through the use of dual frequency Leica GPS 1200. The obtained data were downloaded and processed using Leica Geo Office 8.3 and the processed data exported to Arc GIS 10.1 and Auto CAD Civil 3D 2013 for terrain analysis-DEM , Also, the Leica Total Station TS 06 was employed to carry out topographic mapping. The delineated runoff contributing area aided in the computation of maximum discharge (using the Rational method). The computed runoff of 33.919m3/s accounts for the rapid rate gully headscarp retreat at the rate of 1.2m/day during the month of July, prior to intervention by the state government. The results obtained were employed in designing gully control structures.
Highlights
Gullies represents extreme manifestation of the complex processes of accelerated soil erosion
In south-eastern Nigeria, gully erosion has assumed an alarming proportion and this prompted the use of geospatial information technology to map a gully erosion site in Oron, Akwa Ibom State for effective remediation and control
The initiation and growth of gullies, releases large amounts of sediments into receiving streams thereby polluting sources of water supply to the rapidly increasing urban population. This increased sedimentation and water quality problems, which is partly caused by gully erosion and storm water discharge in many drainage basins are the major drivers of urban stream syndrome in Wet Africa (Udosen, 2014) In Oron area of Akwa Ibom State, haphazard arrangements of buildings-unplanned urban development has resulted in severe gully erosion and gullies are ubiquitous geomorphic features on the landscape of the city
Summary
Gullies represents extreme manifestation of the complex processes of accelerated soil erosion. The development of gullies in Oron area of Akwa Ibom State, Nigeria has cut off the only access road to the sea port (Figure 1) assessing the interactions between environmental change (land use, climate) and land degradation remains a key issue for environmental scientists, land managers and policy makers in the region. It is obvious from the available literature on gully erosion that estimating runoff, which is the best predictor of gully erosion remains the most significant contemporary challenges in designing gully control structures. Heavy rainstorms make up over 80% of total annual rainfall along the coastal towns
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