Geophysical interpretation for delineating groundwater and subsurface structure in the East of Cairo City, Egypt

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This study aimed to delineate groundwater and the structural trends in the East of Cairo City. For this aim, we carried out different geophysical approaches such as gravity, magnetic, and electric methods. For the gravity and magnetic data analysis, we used filtering, Euler deconvolution, and radially power spectrum techniques. In addition, 3-D modeling was performed on the magnetic data only. The radial power spectrum technique shows that the depths of the surface anomalies corresponding to the short wavelength are 0.48 and 0.5 km. While, the depths of the surface anomalies corresponding to the long wavelength are ranging from 2.74 to 2.33 km from gravity and magnetic interpretation, respectively. The Euler deconvolution revealed that the investigation area was under the effect of several fault trends; a major NW-SE trend and NE-SW and NW-SE as minor trends for gravity data. While the fault trends are in N-S and NE-SW directions for RTP magnetic data. The 3-D modeling results show that the basement depth was fluctuating between 1.186 to 1.657 Km. The principal tectonic deformations of the investigating area are towards the E-W, N-S, and NE-SW trends. The gravity and magnetic techniques in this study revealed that different faults dissect the area of trends NE-SW matching the Gulf of Aqaba direction, NW-SE matching the Gulf of Suez, N-S matching the River Nile system, and E-W matching the Mediterranean tectonics. The geo-electrical method was used to investigate groundwater presence. Regarding the seismicity, the area can be considered moderate to highly active. Most of the area faults are active except in the area's southern part. So, this part can be considered the most suitable and safe part for construction.