Abstract
Glacitectonic deformation in the Upper Weichselian led to the tectonic framework of large-scale folds and displaced thrust sheets of Maastrichtian (Upper Cretaceous) chalk and Pleistocene glacial deposits in the southwestern Baltic Sea region. They form surface expressions of sub-parallel ridges and elongated valleys in between and on the Jasmund Peninsula. Geomorphological mapping and detailed landform analyses give another insight into the arrangement and the formation history of these proglacial surface structures. Light detection and ranging (LiDAR) digital elevation models (DEM) analysis techniques were applied to a proglacial rather than a subglacial environment. Results suggest a division into a northern part with morphological ridges striking NW–SE and a southern part with SW–NE trending ridges. The observation of partly truncated northerly ridges and their superimposition by the southern sub-complex suggest that the northern part was generated earlier than the southern part. The applied spatial analyses tools were used to develop a new, self-consistent genetic model integrating all parts of the 100 km2 large Jasmund Glacitectonic Complex. Results suggest a more consistent terminology for the tectonic setting and a revised genetic model for Jasmund, including three evolutional stages that are characterized by different ice flow patterns.
Highlights
Glacitectonic complexes are small-scale fold and thrust belts in terms of geometry and formation processes [1,2,3,4]
In the context of modern classifications of glacitectonic complexes (e.g., [18,22]), the morphological ridges should be re-classified as composite ridges instead of the term push moraine
There remained unresolved details about the relationship between tectonic architecture and the morphology of Jasmund, which our work attempts to address with the help of geomorphological mapping and detailed landform analyses from a high-resolution digital elevation models (DEM)
Summary
Glacitectonic complexes are small-scale fold and thrust belts in terms of geometry and formation processes [1,2,3,4]. They originate from ice-marginal or proglacial deformation instead of classic orogenesis [3,4]. Germany’s largest island, the Isle of Rügen, which is located in the SW-Baltic Sea (Figure 1a) is a major example of large-scale glacitectonic folding and thrusting [7,8,9,10]. There is a high number of scientific papers on the glacitectonic development of Jasmund, which refer to the term push moraine (e.g., [7,9,12]).
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