Abstract
During simulation of a water regime of heavy soils, it is necessary to know the isotropy parameters of any volume changes. Volume changes appear in both vertical and horizontal directions. In vertical directions, they appear as a topsoil movement, and in horizontal directions as the formation of a crack network. The ratio between horizontal and vertical change is described using the geometric factor, rs. In the present paper, the distribution of volume changes to horizontal and vertical components is characterized by the geometric factor, in selected soil profiles, in the East Slovakian Lowland. In this work the effect of soil texture on the value of the geometric factor and thus, on the distribution of volume changes to vertical and horizontal components was studied. Within the hypothesis, the greatest influence of the clay soil component was shown by the geometric factor value. New information is obtained on the basis of field and laboratory measurements. Results will be used as inputs for numerical simulation of a water regime for heavy soils in the East Slovakian Lowland.
Highlights
Heavy soils are characterized by a high content of clay particles which, due to moisture changes, cause volume changes in soil
Results will be used as inputs for numerical simulation of a water regime for heavy soils in the East Slovakian Lowland
Volumetric changes occur in a three-dimensional process, that in the vertical direction reflects the vertical movement of the soil surface, and in the horizontal plane the formation of cracks
Summary
Heavy soils are characterized by a high content of clay particles which, due to moisture changes, cause volume changes in soil. Soil swells, and on drying, soil shrinks. Volumetric changes occur in a three-dimensional process, that in the vertical direction reflects the vertical movement of the soil surface, and in the horizontal plane the formation of cracks. The degree of distribution of soil volume changes to horizontal and vertical components depends on the isotropic properties of the soil environment [1–4]. The presence of cracks in conditions of heavy soils creates a two-domain soil environment, which significantly affects hydrological processes, especially in extreme meteorological conditions, highlighting the importance of studying this three-dimensional process [5–9]. Due to expected climatic changes, it is assumed that an increased frequency of extreme meteorological events will occur
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