Abstract
Direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation plays an important role in array signal processing, and the Estimating Signal Parameter via Rotational Invariance Techniques (ESPRIT) algorithm is one of the typical super resolution algorithms for direction finding in an electromagnetic vector-sensor (EMVS) array; however, existing ESPRIT algorithms treat the output of the EMVS array either as a “long vector”, which will inevitably lead to loss of the orthogonality of the signal components, or a quaternion matrix, which may result in some missing information. In this paper, we propose a novel ESPRIT algorithm based on Geometric Algebra (GA-ESPRIT) to estimate 2D-DOA with double parallel uniform linear arrays. The algorithm combines GA with the principle of ESPRIT, which models the multi-dimensional signals in a holistic way, and then the direction angles can be calculated by different GA matrix operations to keep the correlations among multiple components of the EMVS. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed GA-ESPRIT algorithm is robust to model errors and achieves less time complexity and smaller memory requirements.
Highlights
Direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation of electromagnetic (EM) signals has attracted wide attention in many communication fields, such as radar [1,2], mobile networks [3] and sonar [4]
Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed Geometric Algebra (GA)-Estimating Signal Parameter via Rotational Invariance Techniques (ESPRIT) algorithm can achieve more accurate, stable and lighter DOA estimation
We simulate and analyze the proposed GA-ESPRIT based on double parallel uniform linear arrays (DPULAs) with d = λ/2, discuss its feasibility and performance compared with LV-ESPRIT [14] and Q-ESPRIT [24]
Summary
Direction-of-arrival (DOA) estimation of electromagnetic (EM) signals has attracted wide attention in many communication fields, such as radar [1,2], mobile networks [3] and sonar [4]. The classic subspace-based super-resolution algorithm [8] (Multiple Signal Classification—MUSIC) was transplanted to the EMVS [9,10,11] array, but the algorithms often suffer high computational complexity because of the four-dimensional parameter search for two direction angles and two additional polarization angles; Weiss [12] used the polynomial root to reduce the computational complexity to a certain extent. The research has extended to biquaternion [26] and quad-quaternion [27,28] These quaternion-based algorithms showed higher estimation accuracy and less complexity; Jiang et al [21] found that the physical interpretations of the presented quaternion-like models have not been discussed. 1. We incorporate the multi-dimensional consistency of GA into ESPRIT, and propose a Geometric Algebra-based ESPRIT algorithm (GA-ESPRIT) for 2D-DOA estimation. GA has shown its absolute superiority in electromagnetism [31], cosmology [32], multi-channel image [33,34,35] and other physical sciences
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