Abstract
The aqueducts are the most impressive and original building of the ancient Rome. The aqueducts moved water only by gravity, being constructed with a slight downward slope, within conduits of stone, brick or concrete. All along valleys or plains, the conduit was supported by buildings with arches, or its contents were placed to pressure in lead, ceramic or stone pipes. The aim of this work is to study and determine the slope and so to evaluate the actual flows, considering also that the area is interested by crustal movements. To evaluate it a geomatic survey of a part of the New Aniene and Claudia roman aqueducts was realised. The measured average slopes have values close to the value of 2 %« described in ancient texts that report the details of the realization of the Roman works. From the slopes through a hydraulic model the flow rate has been calculated. The general lowering of the study area was also highlighted through the comparison of reconstructed lines slope and those realized in 1917, approximately equal to 0.45 m.
Highlights
The aqueducts are the most impressive and original building of the ancient Rome
Following the calculations realized during the first part of this project and the reconstruction of the gradient profiles of ;the New Aniene and Claudia aqueducts, it was decided to estimate the flow rates inside the channels these were compared with the flow rates achieved by this type of aqueducts as planned by ancient Romans
The starting points used for the reconstruction of the two profiles were respectively: for the New Aniene aqueduct Mandrione Street, where there are impressive remains of the aqueduct and for the Claudia aqueduct Mura Latine street, in which the aqueduct is visible in a portion leaning against the ancient walls
Summary
The aqueducts are the most impressive and original building of the ancient Rome. Until the year 312 B.C. the Romans were satisfied to use the water that drew from the Tiber, from wells and springs. Following the calculations realized during the first part of this project and the reconstruction of the gradient profiles of ;the New Aniene and Claudia aqueducts, it was decided to estimate the flow rates inside the channels these were compared with the flow rates achieved by this type of aqueducts as planned by ancient Romans. To realize these estimates, we used slopes, calculated through total station and GNSS receiver survey, the area of transit sections of flow rates, reconstructed in previous studies in the literature, and the equations of flow in conditions of uniform motion of free surface flow in pipelines. In table 1 are summarized the flow area and the wetted perimeter
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