Abstract
This work investigates the possible mineral input materials for the process of mineral sequestration through the carbonation of magnesium or calcium silicates under high pressure and high temperatures in an autoclave. The choice of input materials that are covered by this study represents more than 50% of the global peridotite production. Reaction products are amorphous silica and magnesite or calcite, respectively. Potential sources of magnesium silicate containing materials in Europe have been investigated in regards to their availability and capability for the process and their harmlessness concerning asbestos content. Therefore, characterization by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and QEMSCAN® was performed to gather information before the selection of specific material for the mineral sequestration. The objective of the following carbonation is the storage of a maximum amount of CO2 and the utilization of products as pozzolanic material or as fillers for the cement industry, which substantially contributes to anthropogenic CO2 emissions. The characterization of the potential mineral resources for mineral sequestration in Europe with a focus on the forsterite content led to a selection of specific input materials for the carbonation tests. The mineralogical analysis of an Italian olivine sample before and after the carbonation process states the reasons for the performed evaluation. The given data serves as an example of the input material suitability of all the collected mineral samples. Additionally, the possible conversion of natural asbestos occurring in minerals as a side effect of the carbonation process is taken into consideration.
Highlights
The increasing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions into our atmosphere lead to a serious threat to our future
The characterization of the potential mineral resources for mineral sequestration in Europe with a focus on the forsterite content led to a selection of specific input materials for the carbonation tests
The possible conversion of natural asbestos occurring in minerals as a side effect of the carbonation process is taken into consideration
Summary
The increasing greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions into our atmosphere lead to a serious threat to our future. The concentration of CO2 , volume-based the most important GHG, is significantly and continuously rising. There are different approaches to reduce CO2 emissions or to store it by carbon capture and storage (CCS). Another approach is carbon capture and utilization (CCU), the separation of CO2 out of exhaust gas flows, and the subsequent use in chemical processes. One possible approach of CCU is the mineral sequestration of CO2. Suitable minerals are mainly calcium or magnesium silicates, which form insoluble carbonates (mainly calcite and magnesite) and silica in an exothermic reaction
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