Geographical Information System and Management of Horticultural Genetic Resources with Special Reference to India

Abstract

The Indian sub-continent is endowed with unique combination of habitats, ecosystems and plant species of horticultural importance which together make up rich and diverse horticultural genetic resources. The relative abundance and richness of horticultural and other species is another criterion to measure the degree of diversity. Management of horticultural genetic resources (HGR) at national level involves collation of enormous data and its analysis crucial to the effectiveness of its organizational process and adding extensively to the value of natural resources. Innovations in geospatial technology are underutilized in the management of horticultural crop genetic resources in India and many other countries around the world. Geospatial technology and geographic information system (GIS) technology could be leveraged to obtain suitable results to meet the challenges and facilitate enhanced decision support including planning for horticultural resources management. Sustainable management of horticultural genetic resources is of great concern as increasing population and rapid technological strides are putting enormous pressure on the country’s nutritional and food security. Potential use of GIS and other geospatial technologies in HGR management is discussed and highlighted in this chapter.