Abstract
The best understanding of the geochemical process of groundwater is important for a sustainable development and for a strategic management of water resources. A hydro-geochemical study of groundwater of the Djelfa multilayer aquifers systems was established, using stable isotopes, and major elements, in order to identify the groundwater mineralization process occurring in this system. The chemical data indicate that the dissolution of evaporate minerals (Gypsum, halite, anhydrite) and the evaporation from water table are the principle processes who command the groundwater mineralization. Groundwater samples are depleted in stables isotopes (18O and 2H) reflecting a slug of water recharged during colder climatic conditions, and the recharge was occurred at different altitude. The analysis of the replenishment of aquifer levels shows that the level arises in the replenishment of aquifer and decreases in the depletion of aquifer due to the phenomena of evaporation and to the extensive pumping from wells. Excessive pumping creates a remarkable cone of depression that makes flow direction from syncline to the basin outlet.
Highlights
The groundwater in the region of Djelfa is the main source to supply the population and the agricultural and industrial activities
In the Hydrogeological scale, the region was formed by multilayer’s aquifer, as first we find the aquifer of the mio-plioquaternary deposits, the Turonian aquifer, the Barremian aquifer and the Albian aquifer
High temperature value shows that water of Hamam Charef has a high depth origin, this temperature signified the presence of deep fault
Summary
The groundwater in the region of Djelfa is the main source to supply the population and the agricultural and industrial activities. We have used the hydrochemistry and the isotopic characteristics of the groundwater as tools to assess the hydrogeological system and the geochemical interactions between the water and rocks to identify the origin of these waters. Water Hydrochemistry is variable at the spatial scale, generally is controlled by the interaction with the bedrock, the contact with some saline rocks determine groundwater mineralization. Mineralization is low in the south of the region and high in the north, We aim in this paper to study the geochemical process and mineralization of groundwater in the Syncline of Djelfa. By introducing the geochemical and isotopic tools, the results obtained showed a different type of water that belongs to three aquifers systems, and the isotopic analysis shows that these samples are poor in heavy isotopes which mean that the waters of these aquifers are old. The recharge process was downed in another cold period which is different from the actual climatic conditions
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