Genotoxic and cytotoxic activities of hexane extract in seeds from Platonia insignis Mart.

Maria Das Dores Alves De Oliveira,Danielle Da Costa Silva,Patrícia E Silva Alves,Mahendra Kumar Rai,Herbert Gonzaga Sousa,Nerilson Marques Lima,Chistiane Mendes Feitosa,Teresinha De Jesus Aguiar Dos Santos Andrade Andrade,Joaquim Soares Da Costa Júnior

doi:10.33448/rsd-v11i2.25504

Abstract

Platonia insignis Mart. is a vegetable of the Clusiaceae Lindl., family that is popularly known as “bacuri” in Brazil. It is widely used in folk medicine to treat human diarrheas and inflammatory diseases. It has antiparasitic activity, antioxidant, anticarcinogenic action, in addition to vasorelaxant potential. The present study investigates the leishmanicidal, cytotoxic and genotoxic activities in different biological systems, as well as the chemical constituents of hexane extract from P. insignis seeds. The analysis of the non-volatile constituents was analyzed by GC/MS. A total of sixteen main constituents were detected in the saponifiable material (fatty acid methyl esters, ethyl ester, alcohols and hydrocarbons). In unsaponifiable fraction, nineteen constituents were detected, including a series of n-alkanes and prenylated xanthones gamma-mangostin as main component (70.23% of the total components). The results indicated that the seed hexane extract significantly inhibits the growth of promastigote forms of Leishmania amazonensis (IC50), displayed a significant toxicity against Artemia salina Leach and cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in V79 cell lines.

Highlights

Medicinal plants play a prominent role in the health system around the world, this involves the use of medicinal plants for the treatment of diseases, and as a potential material for the maintenance of good health conditions. used in medicines to maintain physical, mental and social health (Devi et al, 2021; Garg et al, 2021)
In view of the popular use and the absence of knowledge about the cytotoxic potential of P. insignis, the aim of this work was to identify the chemical constituents of P. insignis seeds hexane extract by Gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS), and its toxic effects by employing three biological models: Leishmania amazonensis, Artemia salina Leach, and permanent mammalian fibroblast cell line derived from Chinese hamsters (V79 cells)
Ext.) was subjected to saponification followed by methylation reaction (Hartman & Lago, 1973) and a small portion (F. saponifiable and F.unsaponifiable) of the crude reaction was analyzed in GC/MS (Gas Chromatography coupled to the detector by Mass Spectrometry)

Summary

Introduction

Medicinal plants play a prominent role in the health system around the world, this involves the use of medicinal plants for the treatment of diseases, and as a potential material for the maintenance of good health conditions. used in medicines to maintain physical, mental and social health (Devi et al, 2021; Garg et al, 2021). Medicinal plants play a prominent role in the health system around the world, this involves the use of medicinal plants for the treatment of diseases, and as a potential material for the maintenance of good health conditions. Despite the therapeutic advantages of medicinal plants, some of their chemical constituents can be potentially toxic, mutagenic, carcinogenic or teratogenic (Doroftei et al, 2019). It is important to screen medicinal plants for their cytogenotoxic potential, since genotoxicity is one of the main causes of the onset and development of many types of cancer (Schultz et al, 2021). Family includes 2 genera divided into almost one thousand of species that are distributed throughout tropical regions of the world (The Plant List, 2022). The most commonly cited genera include Clusia, Rheedia, Garcinia, Hypericum, Allanblackia, Kielmeyera, Symphonia, Calophyllum, Mammea and Pentadesma (Souza et al, 2000)

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