Genomic Islands in Pseudomonas Species

Abstract

Pseudomonas is a Gammaproteobacteria, Gram negative which normally found in natural habitat such as soil, water and air. Especially, in marine habitat and environmental such as ocean, deep sea, coral reef and Hydrothermal vents, Pseudomonas also found in several species and play the important role in decomposition the macro-organic and inorganic substances and then utilized to soluble substances. Marine Pseudomonas is well-known as a halophilic-heterotroph bacteria owing to the ability to produce potential enzymes, for example, proteolytic enzyme and chitinase to degrade the biopolymer in marine environment and release the biomolecule which is used as the food nutrient for other marine organisms in food chain cycle. Some species of Pseudomonas were isolated from marine environmental origins; sea water, seashore, Antarctica and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and they found to have the closely relationship which show in the phylogenetic tree analysis. Not only the intra genetic relationship within the marine Pseudomonas species but also the closely genetic interaction and relationship with other marine macroorganism such as sponges, coral reefs, fishes and algae in the term of symbiosis for the survival and growth supporting to each other. Many marine bioactive compounds; pyrrole (2,3,4-tribromo-5(1’hydroxy,2′,4′-dibromophenyl)), moiramides, and zafrin were found to produce from marine pseudomonas and can inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria; Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus pyogenes, and Escherichia coli.