Abstract
BackgroundInfectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) causes acute, highly contagious, immunosuppressive, and lethal infectious disease in young chickens and mainly infects the bursa of Fabricius (BF). To investigate interactions between IBDV and its host, RNA sequencing was applied to analyze the responses of the differentially expressed transcriptional profiles of BF infected by very virulent IBDV (vvIBDV).ResultsIn total, 317 upregulated and 94 downregulated mRNAs were found to be significantly differentially expressed in infected chickens, compared to controls. Long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) and circular RNA (circRNA) alterations were identified in IBDV-infected chickens, and significantly different expression was observed in 272 lncRNAs and 143 circRNAs. Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichment analyses were performed to assess the functions of significantly dysregulated genes, which showed that the JAK-STAT signaling pathway, the NOD-like receptor signaling pathway, and apoptosis may be activated by IBDV infection. We predicted interactions between differentially expressed genes and produced lncRNA-mRNA and circRNA-miRNA-mRNA regulator network.ConclusionsThe present study identified the expression profiles of mRNAs, lncRNAs, and circRNAs during vvIBDV infection and provides new insights into the pathogenesis of IBDV and antiviral immunity of the host.
Highlights
Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) causes acute, highly contagious, immunosuppressive, and lethal infectious disease in young chickens and mainly infects the bursa of Fabricius (BF)
High-throughput sequencing technology and proteomic approaches have been used for this purpose, and various types of non-coding RNAs are gaining increasing attention in this regard [7], including long non-coding RNAs [8] and circular RNAs [9]. lncRNAs are longer than 200 nucleotides in length and can regulate gene expression at various levels, including epigenetics and transcriptional and post-transcriptional regulation. lncRNAs typically occur at low abundance and are frequently not conserved between species [10]
We investigated the expression profiles of mRNAs, lncRNAs, and circular RNA (circRNA) associated with very virulent IBDV (vvIBDV) infection of chicken’ BF and constructed lncRNA-mRNA and circRNA-miRNAmRNA co-expression networks, which may provide valuable information for new therapeutic approaches to control this disease
Summary
Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) causes acute, highly contagious, immunosuppressive, and lethal infectious disease in young chickens and mainly infects the bursa of Fabricius (BF). To investigate interactions between IBDV and its host, RNA sequencing was applied to analyze the responses of the differentially expressed transcriptional profiles of BF infected by very virulent IBDV (vvIBDV). Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), a non-enveloped double-stranded RNA virus, is a member of the family Birnaviridae; it can cause acute, highly contagious, and immunosuppressive disease in chickens aged 3–6 weeks, Huang et al BMC Genomics (2020) 21:724. IBDV increases the susceptibility of chickens to other infectious diseases and reduces immune responses to vaccination [6]. It is important to identify lncRNAs and circRNAs as well as their targets to understand the dynamics of gene regulation and effectively control the occurrence and development of disease
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