Abstract
BackgroundInfectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) causes a highly contagious, immunosuppressive disease in chickens. The virus mainly infects immature B lymphocytes in the bursa of Fabricius (BF). Chicken B cell line DT40, an avian leukosis virus-induced B cell line, supports very virulent IBDV (vvIBDV) infection in vitro and thereby serves as a good model for investigating the infection and pathogenesis of this virus. However, a transcriptome-wide understanding of the interaction between vvIBDV and B cells has not yet been achieved. This study aimed to employ time-course DNA microarrays to investigate gene expression patterns in DT40 cells after infection with vvIBDV strain LX.ResultsDT40 cells infected with vvIBDV exhibited alterations in the expression of many important host genes involved in signal transduction pathways, including MAPK signaling, PI3K/mTOR signaling, cell death and survival, BCR signaling, and antigen presentation. The changes in cellular mRNA levels identified by microarray analysis were confirmed for 8 selected genes using real-time reverse transcription-PCR. The upregulation of inflammatory cytokines and Toll-like receptors (TLRs) in the bursa of vvIBDV-infected chickens might involve excessive activation of the innate immune and inflammatory responses and contribute to tissue damage.ConclusionsThe present study is the first to provide a comprehensive differential transcriptional profile of cultured DT40 cells in response to vvIBDV infection and further extends our understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying vvIBDV infection and pathogenesis.
Highlights
Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) causes a highly contagious, immunosuppressive disease in chickens
Confirmation of very virulent IBDV (vvIBDV) infection in DT40 cells To determine whether vvIBDV strain LX is capable of replicating in DT40 cells, we passaged the strain in DT40 cells up to six generations to increase the viral titer
DT40 cells after vvIBDV infection were prepared for electron microscopy, which revealed the presence of viral particles with a diameter of 50–60 nm that exhibited a crystalline array in the cytoplasm of the infected cells (Fig. 1c)
Summary
Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV) causes a highly contagious, immunosuppressive disease in chickens. Infectious bursal disease virus (IBDV), a member of the family Birnaviridae, is a non-enveloped, double-stranded RNA virus composed of two segments: A (3.2 kb) and B (2.9 kb). Infection with IBDV results in infectious bursal disease, a highly contagious and immunosuppressive disease, in. The precursors of antibody-producing B lymphocytes in the bursa of Fabricius (BF) are the most important target cells for IBDV, and infection of the BF leads to B lymphocyte depletion and BF disruption [4]. IBDV-induced severe immunosuppression increases the susceptibility of IBDV-infected chickens to other infectious agents and reduces the immune response to vaccinations [5]
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