Abstract
Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii strain TA1 is an aerobic, motile, Gram-negative, non-spore-forming rod that is an effective nitrogen fixing microsymbiont on the perennial clovers originating from Europe and the Mediterranean basin. TA1 however is ineffective with many annual and perennial clovers originating from Africa and America. Here we describe the features of R. leguminosarum bv. trifolii strain TA1, together with genome sequence information and annotation. The 8,618,824 bp high-quality-draft genome is arranged in a 6 scaffold of 32 contigs, contains 8,493 protein-coding genes and 83 RNA-only encoding genes, and is one of 20 rhizobial genomes sequenced as part of the DOE Joint Genome Institute 2010 Community Sequencing Program.
Highlights
Biological fixation of inert atmospheric dinitrogen gas is a process that can only be performed by certain prokaryotes in the domains Archaea and Bacteria
Clovers usually form N2-fixing symbioses with the common soil bacterium Rhizobium leguminosarum bv. trifolii, and different combinations of Trifolium hosts and strains of R. leguminosarum bv. trifolii can vary markedly in symbiotic compatibility [4], resulting in a broad range of symbiotic developmental outcomes ranging from ineffective nodulation to fully effective N2fixing partnerships [5]
TA1 remains the commercial inoculant in Australia for perennial (T repens, T. pratense, T. fragiferum, T. hybridum, T. tumens) and annual (T. alexandrinum, T. glomeratum and T. dubium) clovers of European origin [11]
Summary
By far the greatest amounts of nitrogen (N) are fixed by specialized soil bacteria (root nodule bacteria or rhizobia) that form proto-cooperative, non-obligatory symbiotic relationships with legumes [1]. These symbioses contribute ~40 million tonnes of N annually to support global food production [2]. Species of the legume genus Trifolium (clovers) are amongst the most widely cultivated pasture legumes. This genus inhabits three distinct centers of diversity with approximately 28% of species in the Americas, 57% in Eurasia and 15% in Sub-Saharan Africa [3]. TA1 was originally isolated from a root nodule on the annual species T. subterraneaum in Bridport, Tasmania in the early
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