Abstract
Ranaviruses (family Iridoviridae) cause important diseases in cold-blooded vertebrates. In addition, some occurrences indicate that, in this genus, the same virus can infect animals from different taxonomic groups. A strain isolated from a Ranavirus outbreak (2012) in the state of Sao Paulo, Brazil, had its genome sequenced and presented 99.26% and 36.85% identity with samples of Frog virus 3 (FV3) and Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV) ranaviruses, respectively. Eight potential recombination events among the analyzed sample and reference FV3 samples were identified, including a recombination with Bohle iridovirus (BIV) sample from Oceania. The analyzed sample presented several rearrangements compared to FV3 reference samples from North America and European continent. We report for the first time the complete genome of Ranavirus FV3 isolated from South America, these results contribute to a greater knowledge related to evolutionary events of potentially lethal infectious agent for cold-blooded animals.
Highlights
Among the major viral pathogens, worldwide distributed and recent history, Ranavirus (Rv) is highlighted, on which, studies in South America remain limited
® grinded to viral isolation in cell culture (BF-2 cells - bluegill fry ATCC CCL-91TM) following the protocol recommended by the World Organisation For Animal Health (OIE)[7]
Analyzing the major capsid protein (MCP) gene, the nucleotide identity among the samples under analysis was greater than 94% for all Rv species, except for Singapore grouper iridovirus (SGIV) isolates that showed identity below 69% (Fig. 2)
Summary
Among the major viral pathogens, worldwide distributed and recent history, Ranavirus (Rv) is highlighted, on which, studies in South America remain limited. They are enveloped and unenveloped viruses, showing double-stranded DNA whose genome ranges from 103 to 220 kbp Their viral particles have a diameter of approximately 150– 200 nm and can be found in both fresh and salt water[1,2]. Rv are considered emerging pathogens due to the recent increase in the incidence of infections, their expanding geographic range, and an increase in the range of susceptible hosts[3]. They are able to infect ectothermic vertebrates from three different taxonomic groups: amphibians, fishes and reptiles[4]. The present work aimed to characterize the Rv genome from South America, evaluating the phylogeny, identity, recombination and rearrangement characteristics, using sequences of different Rv species as reference
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