Abstract
Aims: Hyptis suaveolens (L.) Poit, is one of the natural herbs with several medicinal properties. However, many medicinal aspects of this herb still need to be explored. Therefore, our aim was to examine the antioxidant, antimicrobial properties and genoprotective effect of H. suaveolens methanolic extracts (HSME) of seed, stem, and root.
 Study design: extraction and therapeutic aspects of H. suaveolens.
 Place and Duration of Study: 1) Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Majmaah University, Al-Majmaah and 2) Clinical Biochemistry & Natural Product research laboratory, Department of Biosciences, Integral University, lucknow between 2018-2020.
 Methodology: HSME were extracted through soxhlet extractor and further analyzed for TPC, antioxidant activity through DPPH and FRAP assay followed by antimicrobial potential through zone of inhibition and MIC/MBC assay. We also examined the genoprotective properties of HSME on oxidative DNA damage.
 Results: Our results showed that TPC (180±5 mg GAE/g dw), DPPH scavenging activity (IC50 value = 72±0.45 µg/ml) and FRAP value (1.443±0.02 µM ferrous ion/mg extract) was highest in HSME seeds followed by root and stem. The results also illustrated that the antimicrobial activity of HSME (seed and stem) against five bacterial strain were found very effective than root part. Moreover, genoprotective effect of HSME seeds (80±3 % retention) was better than stem (41±2 %) and root (32±2 %) extract.
 Conclusion: The study revealed that HSME seed extract showed potential bioactivities might be due to presence of high TPC and can be used to treat diseases related with oxidative stress or microbial infections.
Highlights
Oxidative stress is responsible for the development of cell injury, aging, cardiovascular diseases, gastrointestinal infection, neurodegenerative diseases, kidney disorders and cancer
Our results showed that total phenolic content (TPC) (180±5 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE)/g dw), DPPH scavenging activity (IC50 value = 72±0.45 μg/ml) and Ferric Reducing Antioxidant Power (FRAP) value (1.443±0.02 μM ferrous ion/mg extract) was highest in H. suaveolens methanolic extracts (HSME) seeds followed by root and stem
Our results show that total phenolic content (TPC) of various HSME fractions was found to be in the following decreasing order: seeds > root > stem
Summary
Oxidative stress is responsible for the development of cell injury, aging, cardiovascular diseases, gastrointestinal infection, neurodegenerative diseases, kidney disorders and cancer. Microbial infections can damage biomolecules, induce oxidative stress, and are involved in pathogenesis of various diseases [3], such as periodontal diseases, inflammation, Parkinson’s disease [4,5]. Microbes develop the resistance mechanism due to overuse of antibiotics. It has become a global concern which required novel findings to treat microbial infection [6,7]. Certain large number of synthetic drugs have been developed against microbial infections and oxidative stress having various side effects, toxicity and uneconomical in long term use [7,8]. It is necessary to develop novel drugs from natural resources because of its high availability, cost affectivity, low toxicity and of having least side effects in prolonged use [9]
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