Abstract
The opportunity of the presence of genetically modified organism (GMO) forage crops in Indonesia is quite large. Although until now there is no single forage crop awarded safely crop in Indonesia, but several crop byproducts have been used as feed ingredient. The controversy over the presence of GMO plant cannot be avoided. There are a part of communities who could not accept the presence of GMO crops for some reasons. On the other hand, the producers claimed the advantages of the GMO crops such as reducing pesticide application, reducing cost of weeding, more tolerant to biotic and abiotic stresses, and increasing production, farmer’s income and welfare. For the opponent, the main concerns are environmental issues and the possibility of emerging diseases in animal as well as human being. The Biosafety Comission through Biosafety Technical Team has the authority to recommend whether GMO food or feed (and plants) is safe or not safe to be consumed and grown in Indonesia after the assessment. Key words: GMO, forage crops, feed safety
Highlights
The opportunity of the presence of genetically modified organism (GMO) forage crops in Indonesia is quite large
Until now there is no single forage crop awarded safely crop in Indonesia, but several crop byproducts have been used as feed ingredient
There are a part of communities who could not accept the presence of GMO crops for some reasons
Summary
Sebagaimana telah diketahui bahwa beberapa komoditas transgenik, seperti jagung dan kapas, telah mampu meningkatkan produktivitas melalui rekayasa genetika. Walaupun belum menjadi penghasil teknologi PRG, ternyata Indonesia telah sejak lama menjadi pengimpor produk rekayasa genetika seperti kedelai, kapas, jagung, buah-buahan, tanaman hias, obat-obatan dan kosmetika (Wirawan 2006), sehingga walaupun terdapat kontroversi dalam hal penelitian transgenik, pada kenyataannya produk-produk tersebut telah masuk ke Indonesia dan dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat. Menurut Wirawan (2006) penelitian transgenik pada tanaman pakan ternak di Indonesia mungkin belum akan terjadi dalam 10 atau 20 tahun kedepan karena berbagai keterbatasan seperti keahlian (SDM), modal dan peralatan, namun produk hasil transgenik tersebut akan dengan mudah masuk ke Indonesia, seperti halnya yang sudah terjadi pada produk-produk pangan (kedelai, jagung, tebu, buah-buahan) dan obatobatan. Beberapa kemungkinan yang akan terjadi pada tanaman pakan ternak antara lain adalah: penyisipan gen tanaman lain atau gen hewan untuk meningkatkan protein jagung pakan, baik pada butirannya maupun pada hijauannya, penyisipan gen tanaman lain untuk memperoleh hijauan pakan yang tahan kekeringan yang akan ditanam di padang-padang rumput tropika, karena menurut Abdullah et al (2005) saat ini sulit untuk memperoleh jenis dan benih/bibit tanaman pakan unggul yang daya adaptasinya terhadap lingkungan cukup baik
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