Genetic variations and interspecific relationships in Salvia (Lamiaceae) using SCoT molecular markers

Songpo Liu,Yuxuan Wang,Amir Abbas Minaeifar,Majid Khayatnezhad,Yuwei Song

doi:10.36253/caryologia-886

Songpo Liu, Yuxuan Wang + Show 3 more

Open Access

https://doi.org/10.36253/caryologia-886

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Abstract

The genus Salvia includes an enormous assemblage of nearly 1000 species dispersed around the World. Iran having 19 endemic species out of 61 is regarded as one of the important regions for Salvia diversity in Southwest Asia. Salvia species are herbaceous, rarely biennial or annual, often strongly aromatic. These species are of medicinal, commercial and horticultural value. Due to the importance of these plant species, we performed a combination of morphological and molecular data for this species. For this study, we used 145 randomly collected plants from 30 species in 18 provinces. Amplification of genomic DNA using 10 primers produced 134 bands, of which 129 were polymorphic (97.78%). The obtained high average PIC and MI values revealed high capacity of SCoT primers to detect polymorphic loci among Salvia species. The genetic similarities of 30 collections were estimated from 0.61 to 0.93. According to the SCoT markers analysis, S. tebesana and S. verticillata had the lowest similarity and the species of S. eremophila and S. santolinifolia had the highest similarity. The aims of present study are: 1) can SCoT markers identify Salvia species, 2) what is the genetic structure of these taxa in Iran, and 3) to investigate the species inter-relationship? The present study revealed that SCoT markers can identify the species.

Highlights

Identifying the accurate boundaries of a species is critical to have a better perspective of any biological studies
We try to answer the following questions: 1) Is there infra and interspecific genetic diversity among studied species? 2) Is genetic distance among these species correlated with their geographical distance? 3) What is the genetic structure of populations and taxa? 4) Is there any gene exchange between Salvia species in Iran?
AMOVA test showed significant genetic difference (P = 0.01) among studied species. It revealed that 66% of total variation was among species and 34% was within species (Table 3) genetic differentiation of these species was demonstrated by significant Nei’s GST (0.21, P = 0.01) and D_est values (0.177, P = 0.01). These results revealed a higher distribution of genetic diversity among Salvia species compared to within species

Summary

INTRODUCTION

Identifying the accurate boundaries of a species is critical to have a better perspective of any biological studies. This molecular marker offers a simple DNA-based marker alternative and reproducible technique which is based on the short conserved region in the plant genes surrounding the ATG (Collard & Mackill 2009) translation start codon (Collard & Mackill 2009) This technique involves a polymerase chain reaction (PCR) based DNA marker with many advantages such as low-cost, high polymorphism and extensive genetic information (Collard & Mackill 2009, Luo et al 2011, Wu et al 2013). The present investigation has been carried out to evaluate the genetic diversity and relationships among Salvia species using new gene-targeted molecular markers, i.e. SCoT. We try to answer the following questions: 1) Is there infra and interspecific genetic diversity among studied species? 2) Is genetic distance among these species correlated with their geographical distance? 3) What is the genetic structure of populations and taxa? 4) Is there any gene exchange between Salvia species in Iran?

MATERIALS AND METHODS

RESULTS

Findings

DISCUSSION