Abstract
This study was designed to investigate whether the risks of congenital heart defects (CHD) and orofacial defects were influenced by a polymorphism of the offspring's RFC1 or by an interaction between the RFC1 gene and maternal periconceptional use of folic acid. A case-control study was conducted. A total of 82 families with a child affected by cleft lip with or without cleft palate (CLP), 67 families with a child-affected by CHD, and 100 nonmalformed control families were genotyped using PCR-RFLP. RFC1 G allele was tested through family-based association test. Among mothers who did not use folic acid, the risks of 4.03 (95% CI = 1.33-12.77) for the G80/G80 genotype and 4.14 (95% CI = 1.06-16.82) for the G80/A80 genotype were observed relative to the A80/A80 genotype for CHD offspring. In family-based association tests (FBAT), offspring carrying the G allele for RFC1 is at increased risk for CHD (Z = 2.140, p < .05). No significant association was found between either RFC1 genotype or maternal folic acid supplementation and the risks of CLP. Our findings suggest that the RFC1 G allele is likely to be an important candidate gene in folate transport and to be associated with risk for CHD. This study found modest evidence for a gene-nutrient interaction between offspring RFC1 genotype and periconceptional intake of folic acid on the risk of congenital heart defects.
Published Version
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