Genetic Variability in Lithuanian Black and White Cattle with Different Proportions of Holstein Bloodline

Abstract

Background: Maintaining genetic variability in livestock is the important step towards developing appropriate management strategies. When considering crossing native Lithuanian Black and White cattle (BW) with Holsteins (HL), comprehensive knowledge of breed characteristics, including genetic diversity, is required. The aim of this study was to determine the genetic variability between Lithuanian Black and White and Holstein cattle breeds in relation to groups with different proportions of the Holstein bloodline. Methods: A total of 126 cattle samples were studied at 13 microsatellite loci to estimate genetic variability. Result: The largest number of alleles was detected in the BW cattle group with at least 50% Holstein blood. Private alleles were found in all cattle groups except the BW cattle group with a 83-90% Holstein bloodline. Principal coordinate analyses (PCoA) showed the separation of the HL group and other BW groups, as well as the individual that was pure-blooded Lithuanian Black and White. The results revealed further actions breeders should take to retain the required genotype of the native Lithuanian Black and White cattle breed.