Genetic variability for grain yield and yield associated traits in transplant Aman rice (Oryza sativa L.)

Ahmed Khairul Hasan,Fakir Muhammad Munawar Hossain,Mashtura Begum,Md Amir Hossain

doi:10.3329/ralf.v2i2.25000

Abstract

For any crop improvement program, it is imperative to assess the grain yield progress of the existing crop varieties to find the further avenue to out yield the existing superior ones. Therefore, an experiment was conducted at the Agronomy Field Laboratory, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh from July to December 2013 to find out the genetic variation for grain yield and their associated traits of transplant Aman rice varieties. The experiment consisted of 11 varieties viz. Bashiraj, Binadhan-7, BR10, BR11, BR22, BR23, BRRIdhan32, BRRIdhan39, BRRIdhan49, BRRIdhan57 and IR64. The high yielding Bangladeshi varieties were selected based on their releasing year with a local and one exotic T. Aman rice varieties. Among the varieties, BR10 produced the highest grain yield (3.83 t ha-1). Binadhan-7 rice variety recorded the highest chlorophyll content (39.93 SPAD value) at 29DAT, (44 SPAD value) at 39 DAT and (47.30 SPAD value) at 49 DAT. The highest phenotypic (1491.81) and genotypic (1147.26) variances and genetic advance (61.19) were obtained from spikelets panicle-1 and this parameter had greater ability to increase yield. Among the traits, the highest heritability was recorded by effective tillers hill-1 (87.91%) which influenced the grain yield. Therefore, it may be concluded that the variety BR10 of transplant Aman rice produced maximum grain yield, spikelets panicle-1, showed high phenotypic and genotypic variances and genetic advance. Bashiraj, BRRIdhan49 and BRRIdhan57 also can be considered as planting materials as their yield performance is close to BR 10. Therefore, the findings of the present study will help the breeders for further yield improvement of rice.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.2(2): 207-213, August 2015

Highlights

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important food crop which supplies staple food for nearly 50% of the global population (FAO, 2011; Garris et al, 2005)
Phenology of rice Transplant Aman rice varieties under study differed for their phenology (Table 1)
Local variety Bashiraj, BR11, BR22 reached to physiological maturity at 134 days and exotic variety IR64, Binadhan[7], BRRIdhan[39] and BRRIdhan[57] took 84 days

Summary

Introduction

Rice (Oryza sativa L.) is an important food crop which supplies staple food for nearly 50% of the global population (FAO, 2011; Garris et al, 2005). Among the most cultivated cereals in the world, rice ranks as second to wheat (Abodolereza and Racionzer, 2009) It is the basis of food security and is intimately associated with traditional culture and customs of Bangladesh. Though the soil and climate of our country is quite suitable for the production of rice, still it is facing many problems of which the poor yielding inherent capability of our rice varieties is the most important one. Poor plant type, such as tall plants, long and droopy leaves, weak culms, susceptible to lodging etc, are the main causes of the low yield of the rice varieties. This is due to genetic makeup of the varieties and their appropriate management practices

Methods

Results

Conclusion