Abstract
Genetic variability is needed to face environmental changes and pathogen constrains. In addition, the search for intravarietal variability contributes to the avoidance of genetic erosion, preserving clones that are adapted to particular conditions. Variability is also important to diversify grapevine-derived products. In this work, we have analyzed the genetic variability of ‘Muscat germplasm’ including samples from neglected vineyards from Alicante and Valencia provinces, accessions of the germplasm collections of ‘Colección de Vides de El Encín’ (Alcalá de Henares, Madrid) and ‘La Casa de las Vides’ (Agullent, Valencia), accessions supplied by nurseries of Valencia province, and ‘Muscat of Alexandria’ clones selected using differential ampelographic characteristics in selection programs (La Marina, Alicante). Fifteen microsatellites (SSRs) were used to study intervarietal variability. The SSR fingerprinting allowed the identification of some accessions, variants, and synonymies. Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphisms (AFLPs) markers and Microsatellite-AFLPs were used to determine the variability attended in ‘Muscat of Alexandria’ accessions. A CAPs (Cleaved Amplified Polymorphic Sequences) marker, recently developed for the discrimination of ‘Muscat’ flavor genotypes using the SNP1822 G>T, was assessed and showed that all the analyzed accessions were ‘Muscat’ flavored. The variation found among the analyzed germplasm is very interesting because variants within ‘Muscat of Alexandria’, ‘Muscat Italia’, and ‘Muscat d’Istambul’ have been identified. In addition, intravarietal genetic variation was found among the analyzed accessions in ‘Muscat of Alexandria’ from selection programs.
Highlights
Since the domestication of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) between the seventh and the fourth millennia BC, in a geographical area between the Black Sea and Iran (McGovern & Rudolph, 1996; McGovern et al, 1996; Zohary & Hopf, 2000), cultivated forms have been spread by humans in the Near East, Middle East, and Central Europe
We have analyzed the genetic variability of ‘Muscat germplasm’ including samples from neglected vineyards from Alicante and Valencia provinces, accessions of the germplasm collections of ‘Colección de Vides de El Encín’ (Alcalá de Henares, Madrid) and ‘La Casa de las Vides’ (Agullent, Valencia), accessions supplied by nurseries of Valencia province, and ‘Muscat of Alexandria’ clones selected using differential ampelographic characteristics in selection programs (La Marina, Alicante)
The aim of this work is to study the genetic variability of ‘Muscat’ germplasm which include accessions from neglected vineyards from Alicante and Valencia provinces, grapevine samples from ‘Colección de Vides de El Encín’ and from ‘La Casa de las Vides’, accessions supplied by nurseries and, ‘Muscat of Alexandria’ clones selected using differential ampelographic characteristics in selection programs
Summary
Since the domestication of grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.) between the seventh and the fourth millennia BC, in a geographical area between the Black Sea and Iran (McGovern & Rudolph, 1996; McGovern et al, 1996; Zohary & Hopf, 2000), cultivated forms have been spread by humans in the Near East, Middle East, and Central Europe. From these areas, that are considered as secondary domestication centers (Grassi et al, 2003; Arroyo-García et al, 2006), the culture of grapevine varieties was spread to warm areas worldwide. In the Vitis International Variety Catalogue (VIVC) database (www.vivc.de), we can find that ‘Muscat Hamburg’, which resulted from the cross of ‘Muscat of Alexandria’ and ‘Frankenthal’ (synonym: ‘Schiava Grossa’) (Crespan, 2003; Ibáñez et al, 2009; Lacombe et al, 2013), has actively contributed to the development of new Muscat hybrids
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