Abstract
In Southeast Asia there seems to exist a relationship between Austroasiatic (Mon-Khmer) linguistic affiliation and a high prevalence of haemoglobin E. This hypothesis was tested in Assam, the north-eastern state of India, by examining three population groups: (1) Assamese, (2) Ahom, a Thai group related to the Shan in Burma, and (3) Khasi, a matrilineal Austroasiatic group. There were no differences in the frequency of ABO blood groups and G-6-PD deficiency between the three groups. The frequency of the haemoglobin E gene differed significantly, and there was a reciprocal relationship between the frequencies of the haemoglobin E and the β-thalassaemia genes.
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