Abstract
ABSTRACT Macrophomina pseudophaseolina has recently been reported in association with weeds in melon producing areas in Northeastern Brazil. Species from this genus are the causal agents of root rot and vine decline (RRVD) in melon, reducing its productivity. It is needed to know the genetic variability of the pathogen to develop effective control methods. Thus, this work aimed to assess the genetic diversity among M. pseudophaseolina isolates collected from the weeds Trianthema portulacastrum L. and Boerhavia diffusa L. using ISSR and RAPD markers. For this, 41 M. pseudophaseolina isolates were submitted to amplification with five ISSR and ten RAPD primers. Genetic similarity was analyzed using the Jaccard’s coefficient and cluster analysis was performed by the UPGMA method. Combining data from both markers, the 41 isolates were separated into eight groups. Most groups were not arranged according to geographical origin and host of the pathogen. The genetic similarity among isolates ranged from 0.15 to 0.87. On the other hand, the highest genetic dissimilarity (85%) was observed between the isolate MpBr11, collected from T. portulacastrum in Icapuí (CE), and MpBr65, collected from B. diffusa in Assú (RN). Results obtained herein can assist breeding programs for the selection of resistance sources and the development of effective control methods against RRVD in melon.
Highlights
Melon (Cucumis melo L.) is the second most produced cucurbit in the world (27.35 million tons) and Brazil ranks 11th among producing countries (FAO, 2020)
The genetic diversity among 41 Macrophomina pseudophaseolina isolates from two weed species collected in melon producing areas of Ceará and Rio Grande do Norte states were evaluated using Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) and Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers
Results showed that the RAPD and ISSR markers were effective in detecting genetic diversity among the 41 M. pseudophaseolina isolates
Summary
Melon (Cucumis melo L.) is the second most produced cucurbit in the world (27.35 million tons) and Brazil ranks 11th among producing countries (FAO, 2020). Associating with weeds and producing resistance structures, the pathogen can remain in producing areas for long periods (KAUR et al, 2012) It is aggravated by the lack of tolerant cultivars and effective chemical control (GARCÍA et al, 2019), which hampers the disease management by producers. Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA (RAPD) and Inter Simple Sequence Repeat (ISSR) are dominant markers that do not require prior knowledge of the genome to detect genetic variability among organisms They are low-cost and time-saving methods for obtaining results (SOUZA, 2015; SINGH; SINGH; PANDEY, 2013). To generate knowledge for assisting in the development of control methods against RRVD, this study aimed to assess the genetic variability among M. pseudophaseolina isolates associated with weed species using RAPD and ISSR markers and evaluate the effectiveness of each primer for detecting the genetic diversity of this species.
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