Genetic Selection Barriers in Global Development of Rural Goat Production and a Simplified Approach in Identification of Proper Polymorphic Types

Abstract

The lack of enough funding for rural development projects is hindering the genetic characterization of goats around the globe. This is the first simplified recognition of multiple polymorphism of production, immunity, and health genes of sperms in rural goats, paving in its potential towards adoption of this model for future selection programs, targeting a direct improvement of rural goat herds, and aiming at an indirect benefit to the poor shepherd’s livelihood around the globe. The multiple polymorphism was studied in the sperms’ production genes (Growth Hormone, and αS1-Casein), immunity gene (MHC Class II DRB), and Transmissible Spongiform Encephalopathy (TSE) resistant gene (PrP). The known genome of Saanen goat sperms was used as a control-reference in this research. There was a difference in the frequency of polymorphic types in PCR-amplicons of Growth Hormone subjected to HaeIII restriction endonuclease, of αS1-Casein subjected to XmnI enzyme, MHC class II DRB subjected to TaqI endonuclease, and PrP subjected to amino acid sequencing. The recognition of multiple polymorphisms in important production, immunity, and health related sperm genes of rural goats, could be used in a reliable model for establishing future selection programs aiming at improvement of food security and safety in rural areas.