Abstract
By targeting interventions to high-risk population subgroups, tools that provide quantitative estimates of the risk for particular clinical outcomes have the potential to improve clinical decision making and reduce morbidity and mortality. The paradigmatic example of a clinical risk score is the Framingham risk score, which incorporates demographic (age, race, sex) and clinical (smoking and diabetes status, serum total cholesterol, and blood pressure values) variables to estimate 10-year risk for myocardial infarction.1 Similarly, several research groups have reported chronic kidney disease (CKD) risk scores.2–5 The receiver operating characteristic curve C statistic values ranged from 0.67 to 0.84, although the highest value did not derive from a replication cohort (Table 1). Others have reported risk scores for developing end-stage renal disease,6–8 and the role of renal risk scores has been reviewed.9
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