Genetic predisposition to obesity among adolescents: The moderator role of agility and speed

Abstract

Purpose: To verify if there is a moderator role of agility and speed in the relationship between genetic risk score (GRS) and waist circumference (WC) in adolescents.Method: This is a cross-sectional study developed with 782 adolescents aged between 12 and 17 years from schools in a city in southern Brazil. To determine WC, an inelastic tape was used. Agility and speed were evaluated following the procedures of Projeto Esporte Brasil. The GRS was based on previously associated obesity single-nucleotide polymorphism rs9939609 (FTO), rs6548238 (TMEM18), and rs16835198 (FNDC5). Moderation analysis were applied through linear regression models.Results: significative interactions were observed for agility (β=-2.592; CI= -4.426; -0.757; p=0.006) and speed (β=-2.783; CI= -4.838; -0.729; p=0.008) X 3-4 risk alleles with WC. Additionally, it is observed that in the lowest tercile of agility and speed (better results in the testes), a lower WC is verified, including in the category ≥5 risk alleles.In conclusion, agility and speed acted as moderators in the relationship between genetic risk score and WC in adolescents. These findings highlight the relevance of developing interventions targeting to improve higher levels of these physical fitness components.