Abstract
Introduction. The characterization of genetic profile of Plasmodium isolates from different areas could help in better strategies for malaria elimination. This study aimed to compare P. falciparum diversity in two African countries. Methods. Isolates collected from 100 and 73 falciparum malaria infections in sites of Côte d'Ivoire (West Africa) and Gabon (Central Africa), respectively, were analyzed by a nested PCR amplification of msp1 and msp2 genes. Results. The K1 allelic family was widespread in Côte d'Ivoire (64.6%) and in Gabon (56.6%). For msp2, the 3D7 alleles were more prevalent (>70% in both countries) compared to FC27 alleles. In Côte d'Ivoire, the frequencies of multiple infections with msp1 (45.1%) and msp2 (40.3%) were higher than those found for isolates from Gabon, that is, 30.2% with msp1 and 31.4% with msp2. The overall complexity of infection was 1.66 (SD = 0.79) in Côte d'Ivoire and 1.58 (SD = 0.83) in Gabon. It decreased with age in Côte d'Ivoire in contrast to Gabon. Conclusion. Differences observed in some allelic families and in complexity profile may suggest an impact of epidemiological facies as well as immunological response on genetic variability of P. falciparum.
Highlights
The characterization of genetic profile of Plasmodium isolates from different areas could help in better strategies for malaria elimination
Allelic Families Frequency. msp1 and msp2 genes have been successfully amplified in 82% (82/100) and 72% (72/100) samples from Cote d’Ivoire, respectively
Amplification rate was of 72.6% (53/73) for msp1 gene and 69.9% (51/73) for msp2 gene in isolates from Gabon
Summary
The characterization of genetic profile of Plasmodium isolates from different areas could help in better strategies for malaria elimination. Isolates collected from 100 and 73 falciparum malaria infections in sites of Cote d’Ivoire (West Africa) and Gabon (Central Africa), respectively, were analyzed by a nested PCR amplification of msp and msp genes. The overall complexity of infection was 1.66 (SD = 0.79) in Cote d’Ivoire and 1.58 (SD = 0.83) in Gabon. Differences observed in some allelic families and in complexity profile may suggest an impact of epidemiological facies as well as immunological response on genetic variability of P. falciparum. Cote d’Ivoire and Gabon are two sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) countries with different malaria endemicity. In Cote d’Ivoire, located in West Africa, malaria accounts for 43% of all causes of outpatient visits. In Gabon, a Central African country, malaria prevalence varied between 2005 and 2011. Some of the factors that hinder progress in malaria control and slow down the elimination
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