Abstract
The present study aimed to estimate genetic parameters of 20 common bean genotypes, commercial and regional bean on weed interference. The agronomic characters analyzed were: average stem diameter (ASD); average plant length (APL); number of pods per pot (NPP); number of locules per pod (NLP); number of grains per pod (NGP); percentage of empty locules (% EL); total grains per pot (TGP); total grain weight per pot (TGW) and average grain weight (AGW). High heritability values were found for most of the characters studied, except for NGP and EL; in addition to great genetic variability among genotypes. Therefore, for most of the characteristics of agronomic interest studied, simple selection methods can be applied with great potential to identify superior genotypes and consequent genetic progress in common bean breeding.
Highlights
The common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris L.) Brazilian production is estimated at 3 million metric tons, which corresponds to approximately 10% of the world harvest and places the country in third place in the producers world ranking, behind only India and Myanmar, respectively (CONAB,2020; FAOSTAT, 2020)
There was a significant interaction of genotypes by environments for total grain weight per pot (TGW) and average grain weight (AGW), after unfolding of this variation source it was noted that interaction was due to differential behavior only of the regional cultivars
There was a significant effect of genotype x dayflower interaction, for TPG and AGW, it is noteworthy that these are linked to crop production and are considered targets in breeding programs
Summary
Common bean are one of the main sources of protein in the Brazilian food base of low-income people especially. What makes this crop of great importance for the country agribusiness at economic and social levels (Prolla et al, 2010). Common bean have been cultivated in all Brazilian states, at different times (harvest and off-season), crop systems, soils and climatics conditions. This species has a short vegetative cycle, on average 90 days for most cultivars, making it very sensitive to the interference of weed plants (Gomes et al, 2017). This competition can lead to huge losses, contributing to significant drops on productivity in the order of 67%, as reported by Tavares et al (2013)
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