GENETIC PARAMETERS D-SYSTEMS OF BLOOD TYPE IN MARES OF NOVOОLEKSANDRIVSKA HEAVY AND TORI BREEDS

Abstract

The article presents the results of studies of the immunogenetic structure of mares of the novoоleksandrivska and tory breeds of horses of different farms of Ukraine according to the D-system of blood groups. A comparative analysis of these breeds was carried out, taking into account the fact that the novoоleksandrivska is a weight-carrying breed, and in the Tory breed we singled out only the heavy type. That is, our goal was to find common or different features in their immunogenetic profiles. The population of mares of the novoоleksandrivska heavy breed is characterized by a high frequency of alleles: Ddg (0.225), Dad (0.183), Dd (0.167). Dde (0,162), Dcgm (0,142). The Dbcm (0.039), Dcegm (0.035), and Ddk (0.015) alleles were relatively less frequently detected. Thorians have a high frequency of alleles: Dcgm (0.326), Ddk (0.260), Dd (0.138) Ddg (0.10). The Dde (0.08), Dbcm (0.042), Dcegm (0.020), and Dad (0.014) alleles are less common. The rarest allele in the novoоleksandrivska heavy truck is Ddk (0.015), which is 6.67% less common than Ddg (0.225). Thus, the level of genetic diversity in all studied breeds is at a high level, which indicates a significant reserve of variability and creates the basis for further selection and breeding work. A comparative characterization of the novoоleksandrivska and tory breeds was carried out and it was established that the frequency of occurrence of Dad and Ddg alleles in the novoоleksandrivska heavy hauler is higher than the average for the breed. At the same time, Dсgm and Ddk alleles predominate in the heavy type of the tory breed, which is characteristic of each breed and can serve as a kind of "genetic passport".