Abstract
ABSTRACTObjectiveResults from twin studies examining the genetic overlap between type 2 diabetes and depression are currently inconclusive. This question has not been addressed in non-Western populations. We aimed to examine whether there are common genetic factors between type 2 diabetes and depression in a Sri Lankan population using genetic model-fitting analysis.MethodThe Colombo Twin and Singleton Study–Phase 2 consists of 2019 singletons, and 842 monozygotic and 578 dizygotic twin pairs. The primary outcomes were self-reported type 2 diabetes diagnosis and Beck Depression Inventory scores. Standard bivariate twin models were fitted to estimate the genetic and environmental (co)variance of type 2 diabetes and depression.ResultsIn the best-fitting model, the phenotypic correlation between type 2 diabetes and depression was significant in female individuals only (r = 0.15 [0.08–0.21]). This association was primarily attributed to a significant genetic correlation between the traits (rA = 0.53 [0.19–0.98]).ConclusionsIn female individuals, but not male individuals, we found a significant genetic overlap between type 2 diabetes and depression in the context of a modest phenotypic correlation.
Highlights
Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and depression are common disorders with considerable impact at personal, societal, and national levels
We aimed to examine the genetic overlap of T2DM and depression in a South-Asian (Sri Lankan) twin population sample using sex-limitation genetic model-fitting analysis
Descriptive Statistics The CoTASS-2 sample used in this analysis consisted of 3956 twin individuals (1963 twin pairs and 30 twin individuals) and 2019 singletons
Summary
Type 2 diabetes (T2DM) and depression are common disorders with considerable impact at personal, societal, and national levels. Depression is significantly associated with suboptimal glycemic control, higher complication rates, and increased mortality in people with T2DM [3,4,5]. Similar neuroimaging changes in white and gray matters have been observed in both people with T2DM and depression [9]. There is increasing evidence for common biological mechanisms being at play in the causal pathway for both T2DM and depression [10]. It is plausible that genetic pleiotropy between T2DM and depression might explain some of the comorbidity observed. Furthering our understanding of the underlying mechanism of the T2DM-depression association will allow us to develop treatments and improve outcomes in this high-risk comorbid group
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