GENETIC MARKERS OF OBESITY IN PATIENTS WITH ARTERIAL HYPERTENSION

Abstract

More than 50% of patients with essential arterial hypertension (EAH) have additionalcardiovascular risk factors, among which the most common are obesity, diabetes mellitus,metabolic syndrome, etc.Objective – to investigate polymorphic variants of the NOS3 (rs2070744) and GNB3(rs5443) genes as markers of obesity in EAH patients.Material and methods. 100 patients with EAH and 48 practically healthy (control group)participated in the study. All participants underwent clinical and laboratory examinations.Obesity was determined by body mass index (BMI) ≥30 kg/m2. GNB3 (rs5443) and NOS3(rs2070744) genes genotyping was performed by Real-Time PCR. Risks were studied bythe clinical epidemiology method.Results. In EAH patients the mutation of the NOS3 gene in the homozygous state occurswith a frequency of 16.67%, and for the GNB3 gene – 8.33% of cases, which does notdiffer from the control group. The relative frequency of obese people prevailed among EAHpatients with the mutational C-allele carriers of the NOS3 gene by 31.94% (χ2=13.58;p<0.001) and in patients with mutational T-allele of the GNB3 gene (30.56%) in theabsence of such among the healthy. The risk of obesity increases in EAH patients withthe C-allele carriers of the NOS3 gene almost 6 times [OR 95%CI:2.11-14.82; p<0.001]and in T-allele patients of the GNB3 gene – more than 10 times [OR 95%CI:2.25-45.44;p<0.001]. The TT-genotype of the NOS3 gene and the CC-genotype of the GNB3 geneplay a protective role against obesity.Conclusion. The C-allele of the NOS3 gene (rs2070744) and the T-allele of the GNB3gene (rs5443) increase the obesity risk of in arterial hypertensive patients 6 and 10 times(p<0.001).