Abstract
The rind appearance of melon is one of the most vital commercial quality traits which determines the preferences and behavior of consumers toward the consumption of melon. In this study, we constructed an F2 population derived from SC (mottled rind) and MG (non-mottled rind) lines for mapping the mottled rind gene(s) in melon. Genetic analysis showed that there were two dominant genes (CmMt1 and CmMt2) with evidence of epistasis controlling the mottled rind. Meanwhile, the phenotypic segregation ratio implied that the immature rind color had an epistatic effect on the mottled rind, which was regulated by CmAPRR2. A Kompetitive Allele-Specific PCR (KASP) DNA marker (CmAPRR2SNP(G/T)) was developed and shown to co-segregate with rind color, confirming that CmAPRR2 was CmMt1. Using bulked segregant analysis sequencing and KASP assays, CmMt2 was fine-mapped to an interval of 40.6 kb with six predicted genes. Functional annotation, expression analysis, and sequence variation analyses confirmed that AtCPSFL1 homolog, MELO3C026282, was the most likely candidate gene for CmMt2. Moreover, pigment content measurement and transmission electron microscopy analysis demonstrated that CmMt2 might participate in the development of chloroplast, which, in turn, decreases the accumulation of chlorophyll. These results provide insight into the molecular mechanism underlying rind appearance and reveal valuable information for marker-assisted selection breeding in melon.
Highlights
Melon (Cucumis melo L. 2n = 24) is an economically important vegetable crop grown throughout the world
We found that the mottled rind was controlled by two dominant genes (i.e., CmMt1 and CmMt2) with epistatic effects and that two candidate genes were located close to previous reports
We extended the genetic model of mottled rind and showed evidence of epistasis, which may explain the genetically diverse progenies in rind pattern crossing from the parents without spots on the rind (Li et al, 2019)
Summary
Recent studies revealed that there are two independent sets of domestication sweeps, resulting in diverse characteristics of these two subspecies during melon cultivation, especially the fruit characters (Zhao et al, 2019; Liu S. et al, 2020). External fruit (rind) appearance is an important commercial quality trait affecting the consumption of melon of consumers, which has abundant genetic diversity (Pitrat, 2016). Previous studies have shown that besides chlorophyll, the pigment regulation of immature rind color is inhibited early in fruit development, reflecting chlorophyll concentrations (Tadmor et al, 2010), and that rind color transforms during development leading to rich variation in mature fruit pigment profiles that include different
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