Abstract
Dioscorea rotundata is a staple food crop for millions of people in the tropical and subtropical regions. In vitro germplasm conservation is a very useful tool in yam improvement strategies but very little is known about the genetic integrity and stability of in-vitro conserved yam plants. In this study, 42 accessions from in vitro and field populations were genotyped using 11 microsatellite markers and 23 morphological descriptors to assess variability within and between accessions. Out of the 23 morphological variables used, 13 were identified as most discriminate and were used to cluster the accessions into 4 clusters using the unweighted pair group arithmetic mean average (UPGMA). Accession maintained in field as well as in in-vitro showed high genetic similarity (R2 = 0.91, p-value: 1e-04). Out of the 42 accessions analyzed, nine accessions maintained in the field and in-vitro displayed different genetic profiles. This study provided basic information on the possible somaclonal variation of yam accessions maintained through in-vitro. Further study with advanced tools such as next-generation sequencing is required to elucidate the nature of the observed variation within clones.
Highlights
The Inner Niger Delta or DIN has been recognized as a Ramsar site since February 1, 2004
The specialized services of the State intensify the chemical treatment during the return of the evening when the birds have a great flight activity and are eager to group in their dormitories or nesting areas or in the morning of happiness when they leave
For foraging the bird's contact with the drops may be by sedimentation or by impact
Summary
The Inner Niger Delta or DIN has been recognized as a Ramsar site since February 1, 2004. It is so important for people practicing agriculture, fishing, and breeding as well as the animals that live there because of the diversity and the richness of its ecosystem. The primary sector (agriculture, livestock, fishing) is the primary source of economic growth and employs over 80% of the population. Some of which are residents, and others seasonal or migratory, have habitats very suitable for their feeding and reproduction. 1963 presented an inventory of DIN avifauna composed of several species including residents and migrants. The granivores present in the area constitute real dangers for cereal crops. The peasants tirelessly engage in the means of struggle against them
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