Abstract
IntroductionMolecular characterization of malaria parasites from different localities is important to improve understanding of acquisition of natural immunity to Plasmodium falciparum, to assist in identifying the most appropriate strategies for control and to evaluate the impact of control interventions. This study aimed to determine the genetic diversity and the multiplicity of infection in Plasmodium falciparum isolates from Pointe-Noire, Republic of Congo.Methods Plasmodium falciparum isolates were collected from 71 children with uncomplicated malaria; enrolled into the study for evaluating the therapeutic efficacy of artemether-lumefantrine combination. Both msp-1 and msp-2 genes were genotyped.ResultsFrom 296 distinct fragments detected, 13 msp-1 and 27 msp-2 different alleles were identified. For msp-1, RO33 family was poorly polymorphic. The K1 family has shown the trend of predominance (41%), followed by Mad20 (35%). Comparatively to msp-2, 49.6% and 48.8% fragments belonged to 3D7 and FC27 respectively. Taking together msp-1 and msp-2 genes, the overall multiplicity of infection has been increased to 2.64 and 86% harbored more than one parasite genotype. Parasite density was not influenced by age as well as the multiplicity of infection which was not influenced neither by age nor by parasite density.ConclusionGenetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum in isolates from patients with uncomplicated malaria in Pointe-Noire is high and consisted mainly of multiple clones. The overall multiplicity of infection has been largely increased when considering msp-1 and msp-2 genes together. With the changes in malaria epidemiology, the use of both msp-1 and msp-2 genes in the characterization of Plasmodium falciparum infection is recommended.
Highlights
Molecular characterization of malaria parasites from different localities is important to improve understanding of acquisition of natural immunity to Plasmodium falciparum, to assist in identifying the most appropriate strategies for control and to evaluate the impact of control interventions
The efficacy of artesunate-amodiaquine and artemetherlumefantrine is still high as reported in these previous studies, it is important to extend the efficacy assessment as well as to evaluate the impact of these combinations on the malaria parasite population dynamic and the multiplicity of Plasmodium falciparum infection (MOI) in other localities, nine years after the implementation of artesunate-amodiaquine and artemether-lumefantrine in Republic of Congo
During the study aiming the efficacy assessment of artemether-lumefantrine combination in Pointe-Noire in 2015, we proposed to determine the genetic diversity of Plasmodium falciparum in the recruited population using both msp-1 and msp-2 markers
Summary
Molecular characterization of malaria parasites from different localities is important to improve understanding of acquisition of natural immunity to Plasmodium falciparum, to assist in identifying the most appropriate strategies for control and to evaluate the impact of control interventions. This study aimed to determine the genetic diversity and the multiplicity of infection in Plasmodium falciparum isolates from PointeNoire, Republic of Congo. Methods: Plasmodium falciparum isolates were collected from 71 children with uncomplicated malaria; enrolled into the study for evaluating the therapeutic efficacy of artemether-lumefantrine combination. Both msp-1 and msp-2 genes were genotyped. The efficacy of artesunate-amodiaquine and artemetherlumefantrine is still high as reported in these previous studies, it is important to extend the efficacy assessment as well as to evaluate the impact of these combinations on the malaria parasite population dynamic and the multiplicity of Plasmodium falciparum infection (MOI) in other localities, nine years after the implementation of artesunate-amodiaquine and artemether-lumefantrine in Republic of Congo
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