Genetic diversity analysis of phenotypic character and SRAP molecular markers in 45 tree peony cultivars

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Tree peony (Paeonia suffruticosa Andrews) is a famous ornamental flowering species and favorite of people all over the world. In the present study, the genetic diversity of 12 phenotypic characters and 11 sequence-related amplified polymorphism (SRAP) markers was analyzed using the SPSS software in 45 tree peony cultivars. (1) Morphological-clustering results showed that 45 cultivars were classified into three groups: Group 1 includes 21 Central Plains cultivars, group 2 includes four Japanese cultivars and six Central Plains cultivars, and group 3 includes five Paeonia rockii T. Hong et J. J. Li cultivars, 8 Central Plains cultivars and one Japanese cultivar. (2) SRAP molecular markers analysis results showed that the 45 tree peony cultivars were divided into three groups, and five P. rockii cultivars clustered together as a group. ‘Dou Lv’ was independent group. Thirty-four Central Plains cultivars and five Japanese introduced cultivars clustered into a class were divided into four subgroups. The origin of the initial species of Japanese cultivars was Central Plains in China. (3) The analysis results by two classification methods evidently indicates that the SPAR molecular marker clustering presented the more exact and reliable genetic relationship, and both the external morphological characteristics and molecular marker clustering analysis combined was benefit for clear the germplasm resources diversity of tree peony cultivars and breeding improved varieties. SRAP molecular markers analysis results provided more details about tree peony genetic diversity and phyletic evolution than morphological-clustering results.