Genetic Conservation from the Perspective of Sustainable Development to Guarantee Safety in Bovine Dairy Production

Abstract

For this study, 441 racial groups were used, using the following crosses: 7/8 Holstein X 1/8 Guzerat (n= 112), 7/8 American Swiss x 1/8 Guzerat (n=138) and 7/8 dairy Simmental X 1/8 Guzerat (n=191), from three dualpurpose farms in northern Puebla; Mexico. With the objective of evaluating milk production per lactation (PTL), period of initiation of lactation (EIL), days to peak lactation (PL), behavior of calves until weaning (CBD) and economic productivity. The results obtained indicated that milk production per lactation and days in lactation were affected by the genotype (P<.01). The productive variables for the behavior until weaning of calves of 7/8 European dairy cows x 1/8 Guzerat in dual purpose included; birth weight (BN), weaning weight (PD), daily weight gain (GDP) and weaning age (ED) were evaluated by survival analysis. The results indicated that the racial group did not influence (P>.01) any of the productive characteristics studied. In conclusion, 7/8 Holstein x 1/8 Guzerat (HG) and 7/8 American Swiss x 1/8 Guzerat (SAG) cows showed higher productive ability than cows with Simmental genes. The observed results suggest the possibility of using these crosses, in order to maintain the perspective of sustainable development, guaranteeing safety in bovine milk production in the northern region of Puebla.