Abstract
In this study, we analyzed complete mtDNA sequences variation and genetic relationship among taurine, indicine and Bison groups. In total, 107 sequences from different breeds, 45 European (45 Italian), 16 Middle East Asian (seven Iranian and nine Iraqi), 41 Northeast Asian (34 Korean and seven Japanese), two Nellore (Bos indicus) and two American Bison bison (Ame. bison) were obtained from Gen-Bank database. One Korean Hanwoo (Bos taurus) sequence was generated using the SOLiDTM System. In total, 1370 polymorphic sites, representing 8.39% of the complete 107 mtDNA sequences (16,338 bp) were detected and of these, 1186 parsimony informative polymorphic sites were identified. Neighbor-joining tree indicated that Korean, Japanese, Iranian, Iraqi, and Italian cattle were closely related to one another, but are separated from B. Bison. The B. taurus mtDNA polymorphism was greater in the D-loop than in the other regions. The ATP8, ND3, ND5, and ND6 regions were also quite parsimony informative, similar to Cyt b. In addition, this study revealed a distinct genetic difference between Korean cattle and B. indicus.
Highlights
Cattle are distributed worldwide and are extremely important domestic animals in Korea and other parts of the world
These cattle subsequently moved south and east to become the ancestors of modern-day Japanese cattle, and interactions might have occurred between Japanese cattle and the cattle of other Northeast Asian countries as described by Kim et al [3]
To reveal their phylogenetic relationships based on DNA sequence polymorphisms, several studies have been performed on bovine mitochondrial DNA [5,6]
Summary
Kim and Lee [2] reported that Korean cattle originated from crossbreeding between European Bos primigenius and Indian Bos indicus These cattle subsequently moved south and east to become the ancestors of modern-day Japanese cattle, and interactions might have occurred between Japanese cattle and the cattle of other Northeast Asian countries as described by Kim et al [3]. Over several decades introgression of several European breeds into East Asian cattle as well as interbreeding among regional breeds has occurred for upgrading native breeds in many countries of Northeast Asia [4]. To reveal their phylogenetic relationships based on DNA sequence polymorphisms, several studies have been performed on bovine mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) [5,6]. Lee et al / Open Journal of Animal Sciences 2 (2012) 217-223 tionships and sequences polymorphism among Northeast Asian cattle as well as various other regional cattle breeds
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