Genetic basis of selection of stone fruit and other agricultural plants

Abstract

Methods of creation, identification on marker signs and maintenance of the valuable genotypes used at creation of new grades, pure lines, interlinear hybrids of stone fruit plants are considered. The maintenance of valuable genotypes used in the creation of new cultivars, clean lines, interline hybrids of stone fruit plants. The laying of plantations of nectarine and peach by sowing seeds directly into the garden with subsequent budding in the form of reducing the cycle of cultivation of eyepieces, the entry into the period of full fruiting of trees, as well as accelerating the introduction into production of new breeding cultivars grown by non-transplanting method. This makes it possible to create for two years of vegetation productive mother-cuttings gardens up to 500 trees of each new cultivar. Significant importance is given to modem molecular genetic and biotechnological methods, as well as classical-hybridization, individual selection, acceleration of the breeding process (use of greenhouses for growing hybrid seedlings, as well as grafting seedlings of fruit plants). In nectarine, as well as endemic to China the peach of David and the peach of the world when self-pollinating interspecific hybrids F1 in inbred offspring sometimes there are sterile individuals of plants.