Abstract
Non-syndromic dental agenesis is characterized as the most common developmental anomaly in humans, causing the lack of one or more teeth, in deciduous or permanent dentition. Mutations in specific genes of dental development are pointed as etiological factors of this anomaly. To perform this work, two electronic databases were consulted to conduct a literature survey, including PubMed and BVS. The descriptor "Anodontia" was used in both. The articles were filtered from 2010 to 2020, including full texts, in english, portuguese and spanish. Dissertations, theses and book chapters were discarded. In PubMed, from 508 articles found, 13 were included for review. In the BVS, from 304 articles found, 07 were included for review, totaling 20 articles. Studies have shown that mutations by nucleotide subitusing and deletion were more present in genes that cause dental agenesis (PAX9, MSX1, AXIN2, WNT). In epidemiologic studies, women showed greater involvement than men, both in deciduous and permanent dentition, in a ratio of 3:2. In addition, leukoderms showed greater involvement than melanoderms. Knowledge of the genotype-phenotype correlation between mutations and dental agenesis is important for the dental surgeon, as it assists in diagnosis, genetic counseling, treatment and prognosis.
Highlights
Dental agenesis is characterized as a congenital lack of one or more teeth, which may occur in deciduous or permanent dentition, and represents the most common morphological abnormality in humans (Chishti, et al, 2006)
Studies have shown that mutations by nucleotide subitusing and deletion were more present in genes that cause dental agenesis (PAX9, MSX1, AXIN2, WNT)
Mutations in genes that encoding transcription factors MSX1, PAX9, or genes that encoding proteins involved in wnt canonical signaling (AXIN2) are the main etiological factors pointed in the studies (Chhabra, et al, 2014)
Summary
Dental agenesis is characterized as a congenital lack of one or more teeth, which may occur in deciduous or permanent dentition, and represents the most common morphological abnormality in humans (Chishti, et al, 2006). Studies have shown that mutations by nucleotide subitusing and deletion were more present in genes that cause dental agenesis (PAX9, MSX1, AXIN2, WNT). Et al, (2015) developed a study aiming to identify polymorphisms or mutations in the PAX9 and MSX1 genes.
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