Abstract
Mutagenetic effects and ultrastructural changes of antidiabetic Glurenor drug were studied in vivo in the highly sensitive micronucleus test. Eight groups of forty male mice used in this study to detect chromosomal abnormalities in somatic and germ cells. Three groups orally administrate therapeutic doses of Glurenor at (30, 60, 120) mg/kg daily the fourth group act as control group. Control group and the treated group with 120 mg/kg were used for ultrastructural examination. While the other four groups were used for bone marrow micronucleus test which receives successive doses of Glurenor as (0.0 & 30) mg/kg for 1, 10 &20 days. A cytogenetic examination of treated and untreated mice showed a significant increase of total chromosomal aberrations (P< 0.01) in both somatic and germ cells at dose 120 mg/kg. when compared by control group. Also Glurenor induced micronucleus polychromatic erythrocytes. Glurenor revealed ultrastructural changes in liver cells represented by deep condensation in the nucleus which revealed by the appearance of a large gap around the nucleus. The condensed chromatin appeared as large sharply marginated electron dense mass that a butted on the nuclear envelope. In addition to electron dark distanced elsewhere (prenuclear), swollen endoplasmic reticulum, Also, observed enlarged nucleolus, and thickening the nuclear membrane. Large vacuoles "hydropic degeneration" also was noticed in the cytoplasm. Our studies had the objective of examining experimentally whether the supposed mutagenic effect of Glurenor can be demonstrated and verified by methods of mutagenicity testing using expermintal mammals. In conclusion, this study revealed that Glurenor gave a positive reaction with a clear dose response in mice. Glurenor gave a mutagenic response from of the chromosomal aberration in somatic and germ cells as well as in micronucleus test. Glurenor showed ultrastructural changes in the liver cells of mice.
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