Genetic and non-genetic analysis for milk production and reproductive traits in Holstein cattle in Egypt

Eslam Faid Allah

doi:10.14334/jitv.v20i1.1111

Abstract

This study was carried out to investigate genetic, non-genetic affecting factors and estimate genetic parameters for milk production and reproductive traits of Holstein cows via animal model. The data was obtained from a commercial farm (Safi Masr for Developing the Animal Resources), located in the Nile Delta, Dakahlia, Egypt. Data included 4791 records of 1797 cows, 794 dams and 67 sires that represented the period from 2002 to 2012. The means and coefficient of variability (CV%) of milk traits as total milk yield (TMY), 305 day milk yield (305-dMY), lactation period (LP) and dry period (DP) were 5787.8 kg (31.1%), 4695 kg (22.1%), 332 day (14.9%) and 72.3 day (27.7%), respectively. Also, the means (CV%) of reproductive traits as days open (DO) and age at first calving (AFC) were 157.9 day (22.6%) and 30.5 month (16.8%), respectively. Sire, dam, parity of cow, year and season of calving had significant effects on traits studied. Heritability estimated were 0.223, 0.184, 0.112, 0.118, 0.105 and 0.285 for TMY, 305-dMY, LP, DP, DO and AFC, respectively. Estimated r G and r P among milk production traits were positive but it takes negative trend with DP and DO. Moderate heritability estimates and positive genetic correlation for most of traits studied suggested that genetic improvement of these traits would be achieved via multi-trait selection.

Highlights

Friesian cattle are the most reputed dairy cattle in Egypt
Moderate heritability estimates and positive genetic correlation for most of traits studied suggested that genetic improvement of these traits would be achieved via multi-trait selection
Genetic and non-genetic analysis for milk production and reproductive traits in Holstein cattle in Egypt conditions the focus had always been on milk production, adaptability and survival, they were often overlooked (Usman et al 2013)

Summary

INTRODUCTION

Friesian cattle are the most reputed dairy cattle in Egypt. In livestock population under computerized recording system, a large size of phenotypic observations is available at low cost and it is worthwhile to use them in estimation of genetic parameters for economic traits. Milk production and reproductive traits are the most important economic traits as sources of income for dairy farmers where high producing and fertile cows are usually profitable. Milk yield and adaptability of Holstein are factors of major concern under tropical and subtropical conditions. Genetic and non-genetic analysis for milk production and reproductive traits in Holstein cattle in Egypt conditions the focus had always been on milk production, adaptability and survival, they were often overlooked (Usman et al 2013). Previous studies reported that to maximize milk yield in the lactation in dairy cows, a 50 to 60 d dry period is necessary (Safa et al 2013). This study was carried out to investigate genetic, non-genetic factors affecting and estimate genetic parameters for milk production and reproductive traits of Holstein cows in Egypt via animal model

MATERIALS AND METHODS

Findings

CONCLUSION