GENESIS OF SCIENTIFIC APPROACHES TO THE THEORY OF HUMAN CAPITAL OF PERSONS WITH DISABILITIES

Abstract

Scientific research is aimed at combining theoretical aspects of the development of scientific knowledge and theoretical and practical application of these aspects in relation to human capital. The article analyzes the concepts of science, the development of science and knowledge, using chronological and historiographical methods, the concepts of genesis, scientific and pre-scientific knowledge of reality are defined. The signs of the scientific transformation of reality based on the public perception of new paradigms, their development, application in practice and further scientific processing to identify methodological connections, the formation of relevant theories, which are combined with already mastered practice, are identified. Currently, we see the traditional development of scientific knowledge of the problem of introducing persons with disabilities into the country’s economic potential. The article presents the concept of human capital and its features, reveals research scientists who derive human potential from the theoretical development of the concept of labor productivity in the 20th century to the theoretical and practical concept of human capital in the 21st century. They indicate that at the beginning of scientific research, the concept of labor productivity was applied, and with the development of technology and engineering, the higher development of civilizational processes, labor productivity is gradually mediated by the intellectual potential of the worker. Therefore, it is emphasized that increasing the scientific level and education of the employee at the present time gives the employer a higher rate of return on the spent funds, since the employee uses not only improved means of work, but also mental abilities and skills, practical skills and thus gives a higher level of income. In the economic system of the modern state, the consequence of the increase in the number of people with disabilities reaches a new level of research on the use of the potential of people with disabilities in the economic development of the country. Technological catastrophes, wars and the deterioration of the environment create higher threats and produce an increase in the number of people with disabilities both from birth and throughout their lives. Their economic potential should be used on a par with other professionally fit people, fulfilling the requirement to respect their rights and freedoms regarding employment and social and financial security. The article clearly emphasizes the role of the state in the formation of a normative and scientific basis for the professional adaptation of such persons, the creation of professions in all branches of the economy and programs that will interest both employers and scientists in the development of employment programs for persons with disabilities depending on their physical and mental state.