Abstract
PurposeSince November 2022, generative artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots, such as ChatGPT, that are powered by large language models (LLM) have been the subject of growing attention in healthcare. Using biomedical ethical principles to frame our discussion, this review seeks to clarify the current ethical implications of these chatbots, and to identify the key empirical questions that should be pursued to inform ethical practice.Recent findingsIn the past two years, research has been conducted into the capacity of generative AI chatbots to pass medical school examinations, evaluate complex diagnostic cases, solicit patient histories, interpret and summarize clinical documentation, and deliver empathic care. These studies demonstrate the scope and growing potential of this AI to assist with clinical tasks.SummaryDespite increasing recognition that generative AI can play a valuable role in assisting with clinical tasks, there has been limited, focused attention paid to the ethical consequences of these technologies for mental healthcare. Adopting a framework of biomedical ethics, this review sought to evaluate the ethics of generative AI tools in mental healthcare, and to motivate further research into the benefits and harms of these tools.
Published Version
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