Abstract
Aim of the studyTo compare the self-image of adolescents over fifteen years in Poland (1987 versus 2001).Subject or material and methodsParticipants were 1872 school students aged 16 to 17 years randomly selected from high school in Kraków (university town). Self-image was measured by the Offer Self-Image Questionnaire. MANOVA, ANOVAs and CFA were applied as statistical methods.ResultsBetween 1987 and 2001 self-image changes toward a more positive self perceptions in 2001. Boys described themselves better on most scales. Girls score better on vocational and educational goals and superior adjustment.DiscussionBased on the results of population studies on adolescents’ self-image, it can be claimed that within nearly 15 years, 17-year-olds’ self-image improved. Thus, the hypothesis was confirmed that adolescents’ self-image in subsequent birth cohorts had changed. A similar conclusion had been drawn by Offer in studies quoted earlier.ConclusionsSelf-image changes over time. It is influenced by macrosocial conditions. The research confirm 5-factor model of self-image structure of the questionnaire and its inter-generational and inter-cultural stability.
Highlights
1752 school students aged 16-17 took part in studies carried out in 1987 and 2001, whose results have been included in the current calculations
SPSS 14.0 was used in basic statistical analyzes and SEPATH of STATISTICA 7.1 was used in confirmative factor analyses (CFA)
Factors were allowed to correlate and no correlated errors between variables were allowed in CFA models
Summary
1752 school students aged 16-17 took part in studies carried out in 1987 and 2001, whose results have been included in the current calculations (subjects have been passed over who skipped more answers in the OSIQ questionnaire than is permitted by the calculation procedure). The 1987 sample included 312 boys and 318 girls, and the 2001 sample – 475 boys and 647 girls. In both samples, population proportions of adolescents from all school types were maintained (layered draw). In order to compare raw score levels in boys’ and girls’ OSIQ scales in 1987 and 2001, two-factor MANOVA and ANOVAs were carried out. Factors were allowed to correlate and no correlated errors between variables were allowed in CFA models
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